Essay Composition

Writing an essay requires an orderly and careful process, however, the pre-writing process is as important as the writing process. This paper will outline the process that has been used in writing the essay on raising the minimum legal driving age. In the pre-writing process, I had a list of topics that I had interest in and narrowed down my choices of topics. (The chosen flow of topics has been highlighted).Once the topic on minimum driving age was taken, a preliminary topic sentence was created. The topic sentence is: The regulation of the minimum driving age should be changed. Following this topic, the following questions have been formulated:?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the issues on the current minimum driving age  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the relationships between the minimum driving age and motor-vehicular accidents  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Would changing the minimum driving age increase road safety?I took statistics, books and periodicals to increase knowledge on the topic an d be able to answer the questions that have been presented above. I took into consideration certain criteria that would help me choose the best sources possible. The criteria that were used were the following:?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reliability of the author- Knowledge on the topic (educational background, etc.)?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Recency of the source (date of publication)For example:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"†¦Those common factors emerged when USA TODAY examined all the deadly crashes involving 16-to-19-year-old drivers in 2003. About 3,500 teenagers died in teen-driven vehicles in the USA that year — a death toll that tops that of any disease or injury for teens. The South proved to be the deadliest region.[1]† After reading and rereading my sources, the specific topic that came was about raising the minimum driving age. This topic was chosen since this is an outstanding issue in the state of Massachusetts. Using the sources that I have gathered, I took down the pros and cons of raising the minimum driving age. I wrote the arguments and counter arguments in tabular form so as to look at which arguments were strong.Pros –  Lessen driving accidents,  Teenager's brain can fully developCons   Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Might increase illegal drivers My decision on a stand was based on these arguments as well as the reliability of the given sources. The final thesis statement now stands: The minimum legal driving age should be raised. After which an outline was created in order to serve as a guide for writing the paper. From the sources taken in the previous part of the research process as well as personal experiences, my position was determined: The legal age for driving should be raised from its current age to a higher age level. The reason for choosing such was based on facts and statistics. The facts were based on medical research, as well as experiences in the field of psychology.BibliographyCrossman, D;R. Sixteen is too young to drive : taking control when your teen's behind-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the-wheel. Scotia, NY : Footnote Pub. 2002.Landsberger, J. Writing Position Papers. The Study Guides and Strategies (02 June, 2006). 20 February 2007. O' Donnell,J. â€Å"Deadly teen auto crashes show a patt ern.† USA TODAY, (1 March 2005).McAleese, D. â€Å"Rethink of legal driving age urged by church moderator. â€Å"Financial Times Ltd.† (09 October, 2006). 20 Feb., 2006. ;http://solutions.cengage.com/gale/apps/,M. Teenage Roadhogs. New York : Alpha Reference. 1997.Schnell, D. Characteristics of Adolescence. Minneapolis: Minn.,Burgess Pub.Co.1946.

A Small Place

Jamaica Kincaid's A Small Place focuses on her cynical views toward politics, poverty and tourism in Antigua. Kincaid begins by telling the readers about the island's natural beauty: the sunny sky and warm weather, and the picturesque nature.  Ã‚   She then, encourages the reader to look beneath the island's beauty to discover and get to know the real state of the people and their culture.The reader is addressed as you all throughout the book.   Kincaid would like the reader to understand the people's poverty and their culture, which is highly influenced by the English colonizers, and the political system riddled with corruption.   She challenges the reader to look beyond the natural beauty of the island to discover and acknowledge its ugly side.   All throughout the book, the author's opinions, views, criticisms and comments regarding these three issues are apparent.The author's narrative is laced with bitterness and sarcasm, particularly when relating about the island's col onial pasta and the present's dependence on tourism as a source of income.   Kincaid's tone changes when she recalls memories that are precious to her as a child.   But predominantly, she writes with indignation.This paper will discuss Kincaid's narrative and criticism against tourism, poverty, and politics through the book's content, setting, theme, major characters, and symbolism.ContentA Small Place is not strictly divided into titled sections.   Instead, there are four untitled sections that tackle different aspects.   In the first section, the narration was about being a hypothetical tourist in Antigua, the author's birthplace.   Antigua is then described as an island of great, natural beauty.As a tourist, you only see the beautiful sights and the positive aspects of the people and the island.   You don't program your mind to think of the natives other than the usual warm and welcoming hosts, and as the people to serve your needs.The narrative in this section is lac ed with insider knowledge, often about the harsh reality that a tourist doesn't see.   These include the poverty of the people, the corruption and unlawful activities of some of the islands mansion owners who Kincaid claims are drug lords, and references to why most of the cars in the island are Japanese made.   This section ends at the hotel and the author's opinion about a tourist's moral ugliness.In the next chapter, the author brings back memories of the â€Å"old† island, which she described as a colony of Great Britain.   The author highlights the racism in the island and how the locals loved the English culture.   One of this section's main points is the author's derision against the fuss the people made over Princess Margaret's visit when Kincaid was just a child.The colonial mentality of the Antiguans was criticized.   For the Antiguans, the author says, bad behavior is not bad so long as it was an Englishman who committed it.   At the end of the section, the author relates colonialism to the present impoverished state of Antigua.It was in the second section that Kincaid asked â€Å"why people like her can't forget the past†?   She calls the reader's attention to the British colonial system, and condemns the human trading in the past.   Her ancestors, she said, were dragged to Antigua as chained slaves.   According to Kincaid, slavery will never be forgotten because institutional reminders remained in the island.   The Barclays bank is an example of trading firm that made its fortunes from bartering humans like they were goods.After amassing wealth through the sale of slaves, the Barclays went into banking and continues to be prosperous up until the present.   What's more ironic to Kincaid is the fact that Barclays is a major financial institution in Antigua that provides loans and fundings to the descendants of the slaves they traded years ago.   While the slaves made them rich, it is their descendants who are ma king Barclays continue to be rich.

Agri-Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Agri-Business - Essay Example The key success factor of Farmers Haven shall be its freshness and its purity in terms of organic nature of farming. The company shall brand itself as a high quality food supplier using best quality genomes for its produce. The paper is a detailed business plan that begins with a discussion of company’s objectives and mission. The paper identifies the key success factors of the business and goes forth to discuss the company’s key operations and products, its location geographies and facilities. The paper also discusses a detailed marketing strategy for the company highlighting its target market and key competitors. Under strategy implementation, the paper brings in the competitive edge for farmers Haven, its marketing strategy, pricing strategy, sales strategy and strategic alliances. The financial plan is the key to a comprehensive idea about the sources of funds and how they shall be utilised in the business processes. The financial summary also presents a pro-forma balance sheet and income statement presenting forecasts based on estimated figures based on ascertainable assumptions. Through the detailed discussion, the paper aims to provide a complete outlook on the proposed business pl an and its viability in the future. Farmers Haven shall be formed with the acquisition of the Knocktim Dairy Cottage and shall be working towards developing the fertile land into a full-fledged farming area producing high quality farm produce including fruits, vegetables, poultry produce and horticulture products. The 3 acre land shall be put to use in its fullest potential by farm managers and the owner who have the most extensive knowledge and experience in the farming business. The region of operations is located within an area of Scotland that is highly fertile and also attracts a lot of tourists for its natural beauty. The land is to be acquired for farming was primarily engaged in the dairy activities and it shall be strategically divided

American Heritage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

American Heritage - Essay Example There is need to have zoning regulations based on major morals population. Seldom, ethnics use zoning provision to blockade bars, pornography, strip clubs, distilleries, and dislikes of other things for moral grounds. The laws of United States basis on morals should not be persuasive. The sentiments contravening laws based on uprightness are misleading because moral judgments stand for legitimate laws (Viroli 31). Recognizing that regulations in general are based on moral judgments has vital consequences. Hence, the meaning those objections to a law for reason of being inclined on morality do not make any sense on the mind of non-anarchist. The same have different meaning on experts in public policy, law, and economics that they are not necessarily experts based on legitimacy of regulations; professionals on the legitimacy of regulations are those with an evident, deep comprehension of moral fact (Viroli 40). Perhaps most momentous, recognizing that regulations are finally inclined to moral judgments put upright and immoral people on an equal ground when explaining politics. Patriotism is the love of someone’s birthplace, country and childhood’s place of recollections and dreams, aspirations and, hopes, it is a place where, a childlike timidity, we would view the fleeting. Indeed, egotism, arrogance, and conceit are the fundamentals of patriotism. Patriotism assumes that our planet is divided into small spots, each one enclosed with Iron Gate. Those fortune ate to be born certain spot, consider themselves grander, nobler, better, more intelligent than others inhabiting the other spot. Therefore, it is the responsibility of everyone residing on that chosen part to kill, die, and fight in trying to impose his sovereignty upon others (Viroli 39). Patriotism is though a costly institution considering the statistics, no one ever doubts it. The progressive enhanced

Week Three Learning Team Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week Three Learning Team Assignment - Essay Example The needs of engineers and suppliers are also considered as the key supply chain needs of motor vehicles, especially in General Motors Company. The supply chain team should focus on automated materials recovery process and a centralized analysis system in order to meet the special needs of engineers and suppliers (UPS, n.d.). Engineers provide manufacturing services and advise in order to build customer-oriented products while suppliers provide parts and other materials needed to produce the best vehicles. A good relationship between the company and these stakeholders is necessary to combine the best parts and the best services to enhance an effective manufacturing process in the supply chain. Another key supply chain need for motor vehicles is a responsive process. The process of manufacturing vehicles should be a highly responsive one whereby accountability and flexibility are enhanced. The supply chain should be able to simplify automobile processes including warranty parts and root-cause analysis. Responsiveness of processes is highly dependent on the effectiveness of the company’s workforce and

The American Military Adventure In Iraq And Philippine Essay

The American Military Adventure In Iraq And Philippine - Essay Example The Philippines became an independent democratic country that is seen to today to be more or less a success. This may bode well for Iraq, a country that has been through terrible times and now seems to be improving. This essay will look at how these two actions by the United States were very similar. The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 created a new era of American foreign policy. Some critics might call this policy expansionist, and although that is certainly an important element of it, it was also motivated by a desire to spread principles of democracy and good governance. Many idealists of the period believed the principles at the heart of the U.S. Constitution were universal and should be shared with everyone. By the end of the 19th century, the Monroe Doctrine was to come into full effect in a war with the Spanish. Not only would the Americans take control of Spanish possessions in the Caribbean such as Cuba, Puerto Rica, and other islands, but as the war expanded so would the remit of the Monroe Doctrine. The United States would gain control of the Philippines, far from its own shore, and attempt to remake the Spanish colonialism political system in its own image. The result would be a bloody conflict fought with Filipino insurgents that would take America many years to quell. Following the American victory over Spain and the taking of the Philippines, there was a great deal of tension between the U.S. and the locals. This came to a head in 1899 when American soldiers shot some Filipinos. Things quickly got out of hand with both sides raising armies and fighting conventional wars. The Americans rapidly defeated the convention Filipino forces, killing two of their best generals and pacifying many of the urban areas. But as the Filipinos fell back, they regrouped as guerrillas and had huge local support.

History 20th century america Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

History 20th century america - Movie Review Example All this helps better understand why film is such a valuable source which, if properly analyzed, can uncover a lot of information about the historical period when it was created. Within the majority of modern western cultures there are films that are traditionally perceived as defining national cinematographies. In the United States there can be found many such exemplary films as well. But few other movies can rival such acknowledged masterpieces as "The Birth of a Nation", filmed by D. W. Griffith and premiered in 1915, and "Gone With the Wind", produced by 1939 by cooperative effort of David O. Selznick and Victor Fleming. Being separated by almost a quarter of century, an immensely long period for the explosively advancing genre of cinematography, both of those films in their respective period of time boldly set new standards for film making that would define the future cinematographic approaches. But aside from their purely artistic and professional merits, it is not less important to mention that "The Birth of a Nation" and "Gone With the Wind" fully comply with our observation of the preservative function of film. Indeed, what makes these films invalua ble is their record of controversial views on the acute racial problems that emerged during the post-Civil War emancipation of former black American slaves, and which were also urgent in the days of the films production. With these observations in mind, let us investigate how black Americans are portrayed in the film "The Birth of a Nation", how does the film represent the Ku Klux Klan and its role in the Southern life, and what do "The Birth of a Nation" and its reception reveal about white Americans attitudes toward blacks in the early twentieth century. Also, let us contrast such observations with "Gone with the Wind" with its own interpretation of the post-Civil War emancipation. Since the dawn of cinema, the American Civil War has been the main theme for numerous directors, but one of the most prominent figures in the history of cinematography in its preoccupation with the topic of the Civil War was D. W. Griffith. Films of Griffith, whose father was a former Confederate Colonel, were definitely influenced by the late nineteenth-century Southern Romance novelists with their stories of aristocratic owners of plantations, Southern beauties, and faithful slaves (Wagenknecht 1975, pp. 28-29). During his celebrated career, Griffith produced thirteen silent films that touched the topic of the Civil War. Among these, "The Birth of a Nation", premiered in 1915, is most well-known, largely due to its debatable and openly racist stance. The film is based on the play "The Clansman" of Thomas Dixon, which extols the Ku Klux Klan as the redeemer of Aryan race endangered after the period of the Reconstruction. However, despite its problematic representation of racial issu es, this film is nevertheless the landmark American masterpiece not only among the Civil War films, but in the whole field of cinematography, so that everyone who studies the history of film must study "The Birth of a N

Special Education and Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Special Education and Needs - Essay Example (Florian 2006).These children need special attention and care and that is why special education is needed. The quality of educating special children should improve. Inclusive education is not made compulsory in all the countries. Inclusive education is modifying the existing system to suit the needs of these special children. The government should take measures to provide proper education and other facilities to the special children. Though there is an increase in the number of schools, the people selecting these schools are still less. Most of the disabled children are not enrolled in any of the schools and they feel they are different from others. Educational institutions all over the world are trying hard to provide the necessary facilities for the disabled children. Government should provide the resources required to manage the special children. Inclusion helps in providing the essential opportunities to all students. It helps in increasing the involvement of students in all types of activities. The existing government and their policies on special education and inclusion are better than how it was before. But this is not sufficient, as disabled people find it difficult to mingle with the normal people. Although there are several institutions that help these children and include them, this has to be increased. In countries like U.K and America, where the number of service organizations are limited, it becomes difficult for the parents to manage such children. More service organizations should be established and they should take the initiative to help these children. Government must organize all this and make sure the special education is provided to everybody without any discrimination. Inclusion is done to enable all students including the disabled to participate in all activities. They should not be separated from others; doing so will spoil the child's mind. America When compared to other countries, America has the major number of schools that educate students with disabilities. The number of students in the special education is rapidly increasing, which in turn leads to the increase in the special education schools. Generally it is difficult to make out the student who has disability from the normal students, as not all of the disabled people will be severe. American education system is being inclusive as it includes people with all sorts of disability. (Mitchell 2005).Disabled students will not be able to perform well when compared to the other students. Hence special care should be taken to make them excel in the academics. Most of the special children pursue their high school, where as there is a decline in the disabled students completing the high school. Once they complete their education, most of them try and engage in any employment and some continue their higher education. This information was revealed by a recent survey conducted in Am erica. America is definitely growing at a fast pace in improving the special education institutions. As seen in the survey report, America is better than the other countries in terms of the inclusion and education for all. There are so many schools that concentrate on educating these special and disabled children. To enhance the existing education system, the schools should be made aware of the disabilities and special children. The teachers and the faculties must have knowledge about the problems and how to help them in continuing their education. New strategies can be adapted

Management Information and Communication System Essay

Management Information and Communication System - Essay Example Because of this capability, the buying and selling of goods and services are expedited and streamlined. Producers and consumers could now directly transact with each other, making it possible to eliminate middlemen, in the process. This is called e-commerce or e-business and it could take the form of several models. The businesses that operates an internet business model primarily to establish and maintain relationships with other businesses is called B2B business model. Here, the emphasis is for the Internet to facilitate transactions between business organisations. For instance, there is the case of Dell, who manufacture computers according to specifications provided other business organisations. Through the Internet, sales transactions between the company and its corporate clients take place, beginning with the placement of order details, the manufacture according to the specifications and the delivery of goods. Pride, Hughes and Kapoor (2011, p.484) explained that in this B2B pro cess, Dell reduces storage and carrying costs and avoids unsold inventory while consumers who directly transact with them eliminate costs associated with wholesalers and retailers. This latter aspect in the model receives more emphasis on the other business model called B2C or business to consumer model. Business organisations such as Amazon.com and Landsend.com are examples of companies using the B2C model. They primarily cater to individual consumers. In addition to product and service offering provided 24 hours every day and 7 days a week, B2C firms often attempt to build long-term relationships with their consumers (Pride, Hughes and Kapoor, p. 484). This is the reason why a core element in the online strategies of these organisations is customer services and extensive analysis of consumer data. The above models demonstrate how the Internet can provide innovations. The transactions that transpire over the web are electronically documented, which makes it easily organized and acc essed for consumer analysis, market research among other initiatives to determine consumer behavior and needs. These data inform business organisations to create new and effective products that can be successfully marketed and sold to the market. The information gathered over the web could help address emergent consumers needs and requirements as well as solve problems and challenges. For example, back in 1990s, Wal-Mart introduced its Retail Link system, an integrated and store-shelf data made more powerful by the Internet in automatically triggering manufacturing orders to its suppliers when stocks were low (Wailgum, 2007, p.50). Since then, Wal-Mart was able to introduce pioneering systems in supply-chain management such as the evolution of its revolutionary point of sale system and the communication of information therein. The above variables are just some of the many instances wherein Internet contributes to the competitive advantage of a business organisation. The fact is that this technological breakthrough is a fundamental component in the manner by which it can create consumer value. Because of this platform, the organisation can respond immediately to problems and challenges in the trading process. In addition, the Internet is an

Alcohol drinking Essay Example for Free

Alcohol drinking Essay The last reason of alcohol drinking among the youth in Hong Kong is tension reduction and it is the most common excuse among them. From a survey result conducted in 2008 by The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Group, about 30% of students increase their pressure index during the beginning of each new academic year. It was found that the high consumption of alcohol is related to the high level of pressure index. And the frequency of drinking depends on how early the students have experienced drinking alcohol. Drinking daily or over consumption of alcohol will lead to a chain of bad impacts. If we drink in a large amount, it will have lifelong negative consequences, including physically and mentally. Drinking can affect thinking capacity and the active attention period will be reduced effecively. Also fatigue may happen easily although only drinking a small amount of alcohol. As a result, it may affect in studies. As we notice that there are many foreign researches about the motivation of drinking but there are only little researches investigate the Hong Kong tertiary students. That means the foreign researches cannot completely reflect the Hong Kong situation due to the different cultural norms of east and west. Also, the education of alcohol management and knowledge are not prevalence in Hong Kong. Therefore, we would like to know about the basal motives of alcohol drinking and the influences of drinking among the tertiary students. And the healthcare stream students in IVE will be our target group. As our target group are studying in healthcare stream, we hypothesize that they are more likely to consider their health and a lower drinking frequency and quantity of alcohol will be found. We also assume that their motivation of drinking are due to peer, environment and social.

What Is Green Infrastructure Environmental Sciences Essay

What Is Green Infrastructure Environmental Sciences Essay Over the coming century, climate change scenarios in urban regions will be managing extremes of precipitation and temperature, increased storm frequency and intensity, and sea-level rise. The problems with which urban areas are already be indicating that climate change impacts have begun to occur and are likely to worsen in the future. Often green approaches are combined with modifications to other traditional hard infrastructures such as expanding storm-sewers and streets or building storm-water storage tunnels. In recent thinking, portfolios of green infrastructure and technologies have been identified as best practices at the local level when combined with traditional grey infrastructure to achieve greater urban sustainability and resilience. In addition, green infrastructure is now being recognized for its value as a means for adapting to the emerging and irreversible impacts of climate change. What is Green Infrastructure? The Definition According to Neil (2006), Green Infrastructure includes the network of green spaces and other natural elements such as river sand lakes that are interspersed between and connect villages, towns and cities. Individually these elements are green infrastructure assets and the roles that these assets play are green infrastructure functions. When appropriately planned, designed and managed, these assets and functions have the potential to deliver a wide range of social, environmental and economic benefits. Green infrastructure approaches help to achieve sustainability and resilience goals over a range of outcomes in addition to climate adaptation. The climate adaptation benefits of green infrastructure are generally related to their ability to moderate the impacts of extreme precipitation or temperature. The History of Green Infrastructures. According to Karen Firehock (2010). Green infrastructure planning is not an entirely new concept and the principles that form the basis for the concept have arisen from multiple disciplines. The term itself was first coined in Florida in 1994 in a report to the governor on land conservation strategies and was intended to reflect the notion that natural systems are equally, if not more important, components of our infrastructure. Since it is generally accepted that we have to plan for grey infrastructure, the idea of also planning to conserve or restore our natural resources, or green infrastructure, helped people to recognize its importance to community planning. As defined by Benedict and McMahon (2006). Green infrastructure is a strategically planned and managed network of wilderness, parks, greenways, conservation easements, and working lands with conservation value that supports native species, maintains natural ecological processes, sustains air and water resources, and contributes to the health and quality of life for Americas communities and people The types of green infrastructures According to Neil (2006), Green infrastructure approaches to land-use planning promote the widest range of functions which can be performed by the same asset, unlocking the greatest number of benefits. Such an approach enables us to demand more from the land in a sustainable way; by helping to identify when it can provide multiple benefits and to manage the many, often conflicting, pressures for housing, industry, transport, energy, agriculture, nature conservation, recreation and aesthetics. It also highlights where it is important to retain single or limited land use functions. There are has many types of green infrastructure including in local scales, cities scale and regional scale. The types of green infrastructure in local, neighborhood, village such as : Trees Street Hedges pocket parks private gardens pond and streams cemeteries and burial grounds green roofs and walls, swales institutional open spaces small wood lands and etcetera. In town, city and district scale such as : business settings city parks forest parks lakes country parks rivers and flood plains recreational spaces agricultural land landfill brownfield areas and many more. In city-region, regional and national scale the types of green infrastructures is : regional parks shoreline forest reservoirs roads and railway networks national parks The Benefits of Green Infrastructure. According to Neil (2006) The benefits of incorporating green infrastructure into the planning, management and design. The multifunctional nature of green infrastructure assets, underpinned by ecosystem services, means that they can deliver a diverse range of benefits which are mutually reinforcing and can be enhanced by the connectivity of these assets. It is important to fully appreciate the many benefits that GI can generate, including: 2.4.1 Climate change adaptation Even modest increases in tree canopy cover can significantly reduce the urban heat island effect via evapotranspiration and shading, as well as improving air quality, which often suffers because of higher temperatures. Connectivity of GI via wildlife corridors is critical in ensuring that biodiversity is safeguarded in the face of a changing climate and green space can ameliorate surface water run-off to reduce the risk of flooding. 2.4.2 Water management Green infrastructure is a good approach for managingflood risk. This can involve placing sustainable drainage systems (SUDs) in developments to attenuate surface water runoff and enhance biodiversity and recreation. Agricultural land and wetlands can be used to store flood water in areas where there is no risk to homes and commercial buildings. Green infrastructure can be used to manage coastal retreat as well as to restore wetlands, enhancing carbon sequestration whilst providing important wildlife habitat. At Ingrebourne Hill, water management has been controlled through drainage schemes and the on-site lake, designed to alleviate flooding of neighboring properties and roads. 2.4.3 Economic values Quality green space can have a major positive impact on land and property markets, creating settings for investment and acting as a catalyst for wider regeneration. High quality, connected environments attract skilled and mobile workers which in turn encourage business investment, as is demonstrated at Crewe Business Park. 2.4.4 Biodiversity enhancement, corridors and linkages The role of GI in providing wildlife habitat in both urban and rural areas is well established, but taking a landscape-scale approach to the planning, design and management of connected GI assets provides the framework within which species migration can more readily occur in response to environmental pressures such as climate change. The Landscape Architecture profession As retrieved from http://www.prospects.ac.uk/landscape_architect_job_description.htm (2010) Landscape architects create the landscape around us. They plan, design and manage open spaces including both natural and built environments. They work to provide innovative and aesthetically pleasing environments for people to enjoy, whilst ensuring that changes to the natural environment are appropriate, sensitive and sustainable. The definition of Landscape Architect. According to Arno Sighart Schmid (2000) Landscape Architects conduct research and advice on planning, design and stewardship of the outdoor  environment and spaces, both within and beyond the built environment, and its conservation and sustainability of development. For the profession of landscape architect, a degree in landscape architecture is required. Today, on the threshold of a new Millennium, humankind stands at a decisive point on its way into the future, with grave challenges and risks relating to our natural environment and its carrying capacity. Our profession of landscape architecture is called upon to contribute towards safeguarding the viability of the natural environment and towards developing and maintaining a humane built environment in cities, towns and villages. The role of landscape architect As defined by American Society of Landscape Architects Declaration on Environment and Development (1993). Landscape architecture is the profession which applies artistic and scientific principles to the research, planning, design and management of both natural and built environments. Practitioners of this profession apply creative and technical skills and scientific, cultural and political knowledge in the planned arrangement of natural and constructed elements on the land with a concern for the stewardship and conservation of natural, constructed and human resources. The resulting environments shall serve useful, aesthetic, safe and enjoyable purposes. The roles of landscape architect is : developing new or improved theories, policy and methods for landscape planning, design and  management at local, regional, national and multinational levels; developing policy, plans, and implementing and monitoring proposals as well as developing new or  improved theories and methods for national parks and other conservation and recreation areas; developing new or improved theories and methods to promote environmental awareness, and undertaking planning, design, restoration, management and maintenance of cultural and/or historic landscapes, parks, sites and gardens; planning, design, management, maintenance and monitoring functional and aesthetic layouts of built  environment in urban, suburban, and rural areas including private and public open spaces, parks,  gardens, streetscapes, plazas, housing developments, burial grounds, memorials; tourist, commercial,  industrial and educational complexes; sports grounds, zoos, botanic gardens, recreation areas and farms; contributing to the planning, aesthetic and functional design, location, management and maintenance of infrastructure such as roads, dams, energy and major development projects; undertaking landscape assessments including environmental and visual impact assessments with view to developing policy or undertaking projects; identifying and developing appropriate solutions regarding the quality and use of the built environment in urban, suburban and rural areas and making designs, plans and working drawings, specifications of work, cost estimates and time schedules; conducting research, preparing scientific papers and technical reports, developing policy, teaching, and advising on aspects regarding landscape architecture such as the application of geographic The role landscape architect in green infrastructures. According to Neil (2006), Landscape practitioners are engaged in every stage of the green infrastructure approach and are leading a revolution in the way in which green infrastructure is developed. This includes the planning of environmental resources, the design of new public realm, implementation of strategy and the management of delivered projects. Landscape practitioners have a pivotal role to play with other professionals in all stages of a green infrastructure process, which operates at all spatial scales. Landscape practitioners are trained in a broad range of disciplines with an ability to think holistically and see the bigger picture. This means that the profession understands the many processes at work which shape the land and appreciates the need to consider potential changes to which a particular location could be subjected over time. The result is a profession which is ideally placed to provide the vision and tenacity needed for the sustainable development of our green i nfrastructure assets. Conclusion The green infrastructure is crucial part of urban fabric that is highly perceived by residents contributing to their physical, cognitive and social well-being. Green infrastructure as spaces where they have contact with nature that fulfill nature needs and residents interaction needs. Diversity afforded the residents experiential contacts with the green infrastructure that offered stimulations with the outdoor environments to the residents. It allowed them frequent engagements in various activities, made them familiar and felt connected with the green infrastructure. Landscape architect take a main role to develop green infrastructure in any part of urban or sub-urban area. It is importance for physical, social interactions and effects of residents engaging with greens and open spaces. Cognitive experience of green infrastructure also evokes a sense of attachment to green spaces and towards a community as a whole. This is because parks and urban green spaces offer people positive emo tional states and make available favorite places that are serene, peaceful and restful.